The SS316 is consist of about 10% chromium. This element forms a metal oxide fine film on stainless steel surfaces. The added molybdenum, nickel, and carbon to the SS improve their properties. Moreover, the SS316 is designed for industries with harsh environments, requiring excellent rust protection.
Ranges of Form Structures
- SS316 Bar
- SS316 Tube
- SS316 Pipe
- SS316 Sheet
- SS316 Strip
- SS316 Plate
- SS316 Fittings & Flanges
SS316 General Qualities
- Resistance on Corrosion
The 316 stainless steel has elements that enhance opposition to several environmental conditions and corrosive substances.
And one of the said properties is molybdenum. Molybdenum improves the material’s corrosion resistance, especially on pitting.
- Thermal Resistance
Grade 316 stainless steel demonstrates its excellent oxidation resistance. However, if the functions are practically constant, it is not recommended.
- Material Strength
With the present solid solution of iron and other properties, 316 stainless steel has improved its material strength for range uses. In contrast to the different grades, such as martensitic and ferritic, SS 316 possesses better power under extreme temperatures.
- Food Grade
Grade 316 stainless steel is suitable for food processing and containers. With chemical-resistant, the steel resists more applications that require food safety. 316-grade is capable of handling more potent acids without causing chemical issues.
Versatile Applications
- Chemical containers
- Aerospace engineering
- Laboratory
- Medical equipment
- Cryogenics
- Food processing
- Mining operations
- Water filtration
- Production plants
- Marine Innovation
- Pharmaceutical production
- Coastal architectural
- Cutlery
- Sanitaryware
Chemical Composition
| 316 Stainless Steel | Percentage (%) |
| Phosphorus | 0.023% |
| Nitrogen | 0.05% |
| Nickel | 11.5% |
| Manganese | 1% |
| Iron | 68.5% |
| Sulfur | 0.015% |
| Carbon | 0.04% |
| Silicon | 0.5% |
| Molybdenum | 2.5% |
| Chromium | 16.25% |
Mechanical Properties
| 316 Stainless Steel | Unit | |
| Ultimate Tensile | Strength | 567 MPa |
| Yield Tensile | 252 MPa | |
| Shear | 400 MPa | |
| Fatigue | 207 MPa | |
| Tensile | Modulus | 193 GPA |
| Shear | 76 GPA | |
| Break Elongation | 52 % | |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.28 | |
| Hardness | B80/150 | |
| Density | 8.0 g/cm³ | |
Physical Properties
| 316 Stainless Steel | Unit | |
| Expansion Coefficient | Mean Thermal | 16.5 μm/m/oC |
| Conductivity | 18.9 W/m*K | |
| Elastic Modulus | 193 GPascal | |
| Heat Capacity | 500 J/kg*K | |
| Embodied Energy | 53 MJ/kg | |
| Material Density | 8000 kg/m3 | |
| Electrical Resistance | 740 (nΩ*m) | |
| Onset | Melting | 1380 °C |
| Completion | 1400 °C | |
| Embodied Strength | 53 MJ/kg | |
| Calomel Potential | -50 mV | |
Substitute Grades of SS316
There are more different modifications of grade 316 composition. These are selected based on the elements that are added or withdrawn. Thus provides and improves their mechanical qualities for a particular function.
- SS 316L. This could be the most utilized variant after the standard grade. And the effect of sensitization is enhanced by its composition. In addition, it increases post-weld corrosion resistance.
- 316N. Of all variations of the 316, this is a less useful grade. Compared to most of the others, it has a richer nitrogen concentration. And that provides enhancements to its hardness and strength.
- 316LN. It has more nitrogen than carbon. Its excellent corrosion resistance is made possible by decreased carbon content. And its properties are enhanced by high nitrogen.
316SS Surface Finishes
No. 1 – Pickled. Hot-rolled, annealed
2D – cold rolled
2B – skin passed, cold rolled
N4 – polished
316 and 304 Stainless Steel Differences
Below are some factors where 316 and 304 SS grades have differences.
Mechanical Feature
-For tensile strength, SS304 has 520-750 MPa, depending on thickness.
While the 316 ones have 520 to 689 MPa tensile strength, depending on thickness.
-For their hardness, SS316 has about 79 Rockwell B, while SS304 has 70.
-For yield strength, the SS304 ones have 215MPa and the SS316 has 290MPa.
Chemical Configuration
The 316 and 304 SS materials have differences in chemical composition. 304 ones are composed of 18% chromium with 8% nickel. On the other hand, 316 grades have 10% Cr with 2.5% molybdenum.
Temperature Resistance
Stainless steel with 316 grade has a maximum of 843 ℃ and 454 ℃ below temperature resistance.
Even if 304 ones have fine heat protection, the constant usage of about 425-860 °C temp. resistance possibly causes corrosion.
Corrosion Resistance
SS316 ones have better corrosion protection capacity than SS304.
The 316 grade is suitable stainless steel for marine usages where chloride and oxides are present.
Durability
Stainless steel durability refers to the material resistance capacity in wear, tear, impact, and deformation. Both stainless steel grades have outstanding durability and last for a long time.
Weldability
Since both 316 and 304 stainless steel grades have a 0.08% carbon rate, they have the same level of weldability. Moreover, they are both easy to form and weld through arc welding techniques.
Price Differences
Due to added chemical components, the SS316 is more expensive than SS304. They also require multiple manufacturing procedures compared to 304 grade.